What are the two primary categories into which debt service must be divided?

The correct answer divides debt service into two primary categories: principal and interest.

When a municipality borrows money, it incurs a debt that must be repaid over time. This repayment is split into two fundamental components: the principal, which is the original amount borrowed, and the interest, which is the cost associated with borrowing that amount.

Understanding this division is crucial for effective budget management because it allows municipal officials to accurately account for the costs of borrowing in their financial planning. By distinguishing between principal and interest, municipalities can ensure they allocate sufficient funds to meet their debt obligations in a timely manner while also maintaining overall fiscal responsibility.